Cobalt fa'avae u'amea fa'afaigaluega tupe fa'aulu oloa mai Saina uluai fau ma togafitiga vevela ma CNC machining auaunaga
| Metala moFa'agasologa o Tupe Teufaafaigaluegai le RMC | |||
| Vaega | Saina Vasega | US Grade | Siamani Vasega |
| Uamea Carbon | ZG15, ZG20, ZG25, ZG35, ZG45, ZG55, Q235, Q345, Q420 | 1008, 1015, 1018, 1020, 1025, 1030, 1035, 1040, 1045, 1050, 1060, 1070, WC6, WCC, WCB, WCA, LCB | 1.0570, 1.0558, 1.1191, 1.0619, 1.0446, GS38, GS45, GS52, GS60, 1.0601, C20, C25, C30, C45 |
| Uamea Alloy maualalo | 20Mn, 45Mn, ZG20Cr, 40Cr, 20Mn5, 16CrMo4, 42CrMo, 40CrV, 20CrNiMo, GCr15, 9Mn2V | 1117, 4130, 4140, 4340, 6150, 5140, WC6, LCB, Gr.13Q, 8620, 8625, 8630, 8640, H13 | GS20Mn5, GS15CrNi6, GS16MnCr5, GS25CrMo4V, GS42CrMo4, S50CrV4, 34CrNiMo6, 50CrMo4, G-X35CrMo17, 1.1131, 1.0037, 1.0122, 1.2162, 1.2542, 1.6511, 1.6523, 1.6580, 1.6580, 1.717 1.7225, 1.7227, 1.7228, 1.7231, 1.7321, 1.8519, ST37, ST52 |
| Uamea maualuga Mn | ZGMn13-1, ZGMn13-3, ZGMn13-5 | B2, B3, B4 | 1.3802, 1.3966, 1.3301, 1.3302 |
| Meafaigaluega Uamea | Cr12 | A5, H12, S5 | 1.2344, 1.3343, 1.4528, GXCrMo17, X210Cr13, GX162CrMoV12 |
| Uamea e tetee i le vevela | 20Cr25Ni20, 16Cr23Ni13, 45Cr14Ni14W2Mo | 309, 310, CK20, CH20, HK30 | 1.4826, 1.4828, 1.4855, 1.4865 |
| Alu fa'avae Nickle | HASTELLY-C, HASTELLY-X, SUPPER22H, CW-2M, CW-6M, CW-12MW, CX-2MW, HX(66Ni-17Cr), MRE-2, NA-22H, NW-22, M30C, M-35 -1, INCOLY600, INOLOY625 | 2.4815, 2.4879, 2.4680 | |
| Alumea fa'avae Cobalt | UMC50, 670, Vasega 31 | 2.4778 | |
O le u'amea fa'avae Cobalt ose u'amea malo e mafai ona tatalia ituaiga eseese o la'ei, pala ma le vevela maualuga. O mea faʻapipiʻi faʻavae Cobalt e faʻavae i luga o le cobalt o le vaega autu, o loʻo i ai le tele o nickel, faʻafefiloi elemene elemene e pei o le chromium, tungsten ma se vaega itiiti o elemene faʻafefiloi e pei o le molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, titanium, lanthanum, ma o nisi taimi o uʻamea. . E tusa ai ma le eseesega o le tuufaatasiga o le uʻamea, o le uʻamea faʻavae cobalt e mafai ona faia i le uaea uʻamea, ma e mafai ona faʻaaogaina le paʻu mo le uʻamea malo, faʻafefeteina, faʻafefete faʻafefe ma isi faiga, ma e mafai foi ona faʻaaogaina i le faʻaogaina. , forgings ma pauta metallurgy vaega. Fa'avasegaina i le fa'aoga fa'ai'uga, e mafai ona vaevaeina u'amea e fa'atatau i le cobalt i u'amea e fa'aofuofu e fa'atatau i le cobalt, u'amea vevela maualuga e fa'atatau i cobalt ma u'amea e tete'e a'e vaifofo. I tulaga fa'agaioiga lautele, e fa'alavalava uma ma fa'amaualuga le vevela po'o le fa'alavalava ma fa'a'ele'ele. O nisi tulaga fa'agaoioi e ono mana'omia ai fo'i le maualuga o le vevela, la'ei ma le fa'a'a'a'a i le taimi e tasi. O le sili atu ona lavelave o tulaga faigaluega, o le sili atu ona manino le lelei o mea faʻavae o le cobalt.
Meatotino o Alloys Fa'avae Cobalt
O carbide autu o loʻo faʻavae i luga ole kobalt ole MC, M23C6 ma M6C. I u'amea e fa'atatau i le cobalt, o le M23C6 e fa'afefeteina i le va o tuaoi o saito ma dendrites a'o fa'agesegese le mālūlū. I nisi u'amea, o le M23C6 lelei e mafai ona fausia se eutectic ma le matrix γ. MC carbide particles e lapopoa tele e tuusaʻo ai se aafiaga taua i dislocations, o lea e le o manino le aafiaga faʻamalosi i luga o le uʻamea, ae o carbide faʻataʻapeʻapeina lelei o loʻo i ai se aafiaga faʻamalosia lelei. O carbide o loʻo i luga o le tuaoi o saito (tele M23C6) e mafai ona puipuia le paʻu o le saito, ma faʻaleleia atili ai le malosi o le tumau. O le microstructure o le cobalt-based superalloy HA-31 (X-40) o se vaega faʻamalosi faʻasalalau (CoCrW)6 C-ituaiga carbide. O vaega fa'apipi'i pito i luga o lo'o fa'aalia i nisi o mea fa'apipi'i e fa'atatau i le cobalt, e pei o le sigma vaega e afaina ma fa'apalapala ai le fa'ameamea.
E lelei le mautu o le vevela o carbide i u'amea fa'avae cobalt. A oʻo i luga le vevela, o le tuputupu aʻe o le faʻaputuina o carbide e sili atu lemu nai lo le tuputupu aʻe o le vaega γ i le nickel-based alloy, ma o le vevela o le toe faʻamavaeina i totonu o le matrix e maualuga atu foi (e oʻo atu i le 1100 ° C) . O le mea lea, pe a maualuga le vevela, o le cobalt-based alloy O le malosi o le alloy e masani ona faʻaitiitia lemu. O fa'ameamea fa'avae Cobalt e lelei le tete'eina o le vevela. O le mafuaʻaga e sili atu ai mea faʻapipiʻi faʻavae cobalt nai lo uʻamea faʻavae nickel i lenei tulaga ona o le mea faʻafefeteina o le cobalt sulfide (e pei o le Co-Co4S3 eutectic, 877 ℃) e maualuga atu nai lo le nickel (Mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, Ni-Ni3S2 eutectic. (645°C) maualuga, ma o le diffusion rate o le sulfur i le cobalt e sili atu le maualalo nai lo le nickel ma ona o le tele o le cobalt-based u'amea maua chromium sili atu nai lo alloys faavae nickel, e mafai ona latou fausia se vaega puipuia o le uʻamea sulfate alkali (e pei o le Cr2O3 layer puipui lea e corroded e Na2SO4) i luga o le uʻamea Ae ui i lea, o le oxidation tetee o cobalt-faavae u'amea e masani lava ona maualalo ifo nai lo u'amea fa'avae nikeli.
E ese mai isi superalloys, o lo'o fa'avae i luga ole kobalt e le fa'amalosia e se fa'atonuga o timuga o lo'o pipii mau i le matrix, ae o lo'o aofia ai se austenite fcc matrix ua fa'amalosia vaifofo mautu ma sina vaega itiiti o carbide tufatufaina i le matrix. E fa'alagolago tele le fa'aogaina o mea fa'atatau i le cobalt i le fa'amalosia o le carbide. O tioata o le cobalt mama o lo'o i ai se fausaga tioata fa'a-hexagonal (hcp) i lalo ifo o le 417°C, lea e liua i le fcc i le maualuga o le vevela. Ina ia aloese mai lenei suiga i le taimi o le faʻaogaina o mea faʻapipiʻi faʻavae, toetoe lava o mea uma e faʻavae i luga o le cobalt e faʻafefiloi ma le nickel ina ia faʻamautu le fausaga mai le vevela o le potu i le vevela o le liusua. O u'amea fa'avae Cobalt o lo'o i ai se va'aiga gau mafolafola fa'avevesi-vevela, ae fa'aalia le sili atu o le fa'afefe o le vevela ile vevela i luga a'e o le 1000°C nai lo isi vevela maualuga.
Fa'asalaina o le Vevela o Alloys fa'avae Cobalt
O le tele ma le tufatufaina atu o vaega o le carbide ma le tele o saito i uʻamea faʻavae cobalt e matua maaleale i le faʻagasologa o le tuʻuina atu. Ina ia mafai ona ausia le malosi tumau manaʻomia ma meatotino vaivai vevela o loʻo tuʻuina atu i le cobalt-faʻavae vaega tuʻuina atu, e tatau ona pulea le faʻasologa o le faʻagasologa. E mana'omia e fa'ameamea e fa'atatau i le Cobalt le vevela, aemaise lava e pulea ai le timu o carbide. Mo u'amea fa'avae o le cobalt, muamua fa'atino togafitiga vaifofo malulu maualuga, e masani lava i le vevela e tusa ma le 1150 ° C, ina ia fa'amavae uma carbide muamua, e aofia ai nisi MC-ituaiga carbide, i se vaifofo mautu; ona faia lea o togafitiga tuai ile 870-980°C. Toe fai carbide fa'afefete.
Vasega masani o Alloys fa'avae Cobalt
O faʻailoga masani o faʻamauga maualuga o le vevela e faʻavae ile cobalt: 2.4778 (e tusa ai ma le DIN EN 10295) Hayness 188, Haynes 25 (L-605), Alloy S-816, UMCo-50, MP-159, FSX-414, X -40, Stellite 6B, Vasega 31, ma isi, ituaiga Saina e: GH5188 (GH188), GH159, GH605, K640, DZ40M ma isi.
Fa'aoga o Cobalt-based Alloy Castings
E masani lava, e leai ni vaega fa'amalosi fa'amalosi fa'atasi a le cobalt-based superalloys. E ui lava o le malosi i le vevela vevela e maualalo (naʻo le 50-75% o nickel-based alloys), o loʻo i ai le maualuga o le malosi, lelei le faʻafefe vaivai, faʻafefe abrasion, sili atu le faʻaogaina ma le faʻafefe o le vevela i luga aʻe o le vevela o le 980 ° C. O le mea lea, o lo'o fa'atatau i le fa'ameamea fa'avae cobalt e masani ona fetaui mo le faia o ta'iala ta'iala ma ta'iala ta'iala mo va'a va'alele afi, kesi kesi fale gaosimea, kesi kasa, ma afi afi tiso, ma isi.
